Efficient Capital Markets

Question: Depict about the type of proficient capital markets, valuation of value and securities and examination of mergers and acquisitions alongside their organizing? Answer: The given corporate account course presented a large group of new points as productive capital markets, valuation of value and securities and examination of mergers and acquisitions alongside their organizing. I knew that the course would end up being profoundly testing since I had constrained introduction to the heap ideas being talked about in the talks. Further, the way that course has a solid direction towards arithmetic was especially discomforting thinking about my recorded issues with science. Notwithstanding, I was at the same time mindful that these ideas were indispensable to building a profession in the field of bookkeeping and money. Also, I had cooperated with certain seniors who had prompted me that the center concentration during the course ought to be on comprehension of the crucial ideas without stressing a lot over the scientific bit. In the wake of the above foundation, I chose from the earliest starting point that I should be earnest and customary with respect to my talks and attempt to boost the comprehension. In any case, the accomplishment of this arrangement was constrained to the primary talk which was a greater amount of a presentation. In the second talk itself that concentrated on effective capital markets, the idea clearness was absent. I was unable to see a significant part of the ideas with respect to the proficient markets and when I returned home and attempted to experience the talks, I had a larger number of inquiries than answers. I imagined that might be the following talk would be less troublesome yet again there were sure calculated issues that were not comprehended in the talks in spite of the teacher being agreeable and moving at a sensibly moderate pace. I was turning out to be increasingly disappointed and even it entered my thoughts that I ought to stop the course as it is unreasonably har d for me. In any case, before doing as such, I have to invest in 100% of my energy simply after which should I choose to stop. I concluded that I was unable to let this happen again and need to make adjustment activities before the following talk. Right off the bat, I took the assistance of some kindred understudies to explain the ideas educated till now and this was monstrously valuable since I could unreservedly ask all the fundamental inquiries, I had in my brain. Additionally, I concluded that I would begin setting up the subject to be educated in the following class to increase some fundamental information that could empower me to assist my reasonable comprehension in the class. Further, on the off chance that the essential information is deficient with regards to, at that point there is a wavering to advance the inquiry too. Be that as it may, when I knew about the course material and the specific idea of my uncertainty, I could stand to pose the correct inquiries. This technique end up being of massive assistance as it permitted better inclusion of the course material with an upgraded comprehension of ideas. When the center ideas of the subject were clear, I speedily moved to the numerical part where I depended on training and earning the direction of the kindred understudies OK with the scientific bit. The conversation in the class ought to have been progressively centered around the conversation of genuine contextual investigations which basically would have taken into account my favored kinaesthetic learning style. The accentuation utilizing this learning style could have prompted better utilization of the mind boggling ideas that have been educated in the course. During the related pragmatic utilization of mergers and acquisitions, I confronted massive measure of issues and hence talking about some more contextual analyses in such manner could have been drawing in and hugely supportive. The different gaining from the course would be tremendously useful in my expert vocation is bookkeeping and account where the accentuation ought to be on the fundamental theoretical clearness. When this is guaranteed, at that point the scientific application is dealt with some capable direction and practice. Further, a necessary job in played by the different scientific guides especially spreadsheets that require monstrous flawlessness through persistent practice. Therefore, during my direction preparing, I mean to give close consideration to the ideas educated and ideally apply a similar methodology as in the class. With respect to the course, there are two principle proposals. One of these is that the instructing strategy could be more case situated which would help the reasonable utilization of ideas educated. Moreover, for understudies who don't have any foundation, it might be reasonable to give some fundamental classes in order to make them OK with the topic.

Internal Environment Analysis Of The Company British AirwaysÂÂ

Question: Depict about the Case Study for Internal Environment Analysis of the Company of British Airways. Answer: Presentation English Airways Plc. is probably the biggest aircraft of United Kingdom, which is additionally globally booked. The organization was privatized in 1987. Be that as it may, International Airline Group Plc (IAG) that was framed in 2011 claimed British Airways Plc. Alongside the transportation of the travelers, it likewise works local and global cargo and mail and other extra administrations. The organization has developed alongside the mounting rivalry throughout the years. It has directly spearheaded in green innovation adaption and eco-accommodating technique, which helped it to diminish ozone harming substance discharge. The paper will concentrate on talking about the outside condition and the inward vital position. Additionally, the paper will recognize the main considerations behind the difference in British Airways and its suggestions. While clarifying the outside condition conversation will be made on advertise division of the organization; PESTLE investigation and Porters 5-pow ers. It will likewise audit some basic achievement factors. So as to talk about the interior key position, the paper will center upon the premise of rivalry; exercises and assets of the organization; culture of the organization; partners of the organization. It will likewise make an examination with the rivals in the carrier business. Outer Environment Analysis Market Segmentation:The procedure of partitioning the absolute market into various sub-advertise for a specific item is known as market division. An organization sections its market as indicated by the particular qualities of its purchasers (Malaval, Benaroya and Aflalo 2014). The clients contrast from various perspectives; as far as their assets; decision; area; purchasing rehearses and so on. Through division of the market, the British Airways isolate its enormous heterogeneous market into littler sub-markets. They disaggregate the market as per the age; occupation; salary and nationality. English Airways bunches the clients as per their necessities and needs. A portion of the regular market division rehearses by British Airways are as per the following: It gives extra advantage to the high class. For instance, benefits like Club Card. Individuals from business class want to go in British Airways as the airfare is excessively expensive. This carrier organization gives personal jets to rich individuals for national and worldwide level. This fulfills the prosperity of the specialty advertise. They offer administrations to group of people as per their basic needs. For instance, it offers four unique types of assistance to various clients, for example, economy; premium economy; official and top of the line. Restricted rebate is given to the kids between the age gathering of 2 to 12 years. There are a lot more bases of divisions made by this carrier. English Airways additionally fragments it showcase as far as land; demographical; mental and social assortment. PESTLE Analysis To comprehend the outside condition, it is required to do a PESTLE Analysis of British Airways Plc. Political: Political condition influences the aircraft organizations. For instance, a war with Iraq prompted decay and abrogation of trips to Iraq. The air control and security has expanded in the course of recent years because of psychological warfare; shelling and capturing of flights. Government has forced overwhelming guideline and impediment on aircraft plan for security measure, which made activity of the carriers troublesome (Walters 2016). This outcomes into heavier expenses of the British Airways. The commitment with worker's guild additionally influenced the British Airways. In any case, disregarding the restrictions the safety efforts are useful to build the certainty of the buyers in the carrier organization that guarantees a protected excursion. Financial: The monetary factors likewise influence the British carrier organization. For instance, because of worldwide monetary emergency, the matter of the British Airways was seriously influenced. The worldwide development was just 2% yearly. The British pound declined against Euro during this period, which severely influenced the organization. Alongside this the customer spending has declined that prompted fall in number of travelers. Be that as it may, landing charge has likewise expanded that is gainful for the current organizations like British aviation routes, as it makes boundary to passage of new firms. Henceforth, this condition is ideal for British Airways. Social: The number of inhabitants in United Kingdom is maturing. This can be helpful to the British Airways, as the resigned individuals are all the more willing for an excursion and travel oftentimes (Tribe 2015). In any case, the countrys joblessness level is very high, which forestalls the organization to expand its charge. The aircraft organizations are additionally influenced by the social and social impacts. At the point when the plane scopes to an alternate nation, it needs to follow manners of that specific nation. For instance, a trip to Pakistan ought exclude pork in the in-flight feast. Innovative: The internet booking administrations and registration have become the business standard, which has decreased the expense and expanded the opposition. Every single other contender are utilizing this innovation. Consequently, the British Airways isn't the only one. This industry is continually developing new innovation not exclusively to improve the administration and to improve the safety effort. In any case, the organization can't overlook the disconnected strategies because of the more established age and different clients who are not innovation keen. English Airways have put resources into Lotus innovation than incorporates the utilization of UNIX and other database application. Lawful: Legal contest because of the strike of the Cabin Crew cause to be a precarious lawful stage to the organization. English Airways has influenced by numerous hits and the commitment with the worker's guild makes numerous issues the organization. The lawful guidelines on client rights and business rights likewise influenced the organization unfavorably. Converging with American Airlines causes various legitimate continuing that were exorbitant and furthermore caused interruption from the fundamental business f the organization. Roof has been forced on the flying hours of the pilots; henceforth this carrier can't constrain the pilot to fly more than the specific hours. Condition: The buyers are cognizant with respect to the earth and they morally they pick administrations or items that are greater condition agreeable. Besides, the earth strategies like vitality utilization and clamor control has been bantered for quite a while. Also, the land development for Heathrow air terminal has causes land securing issues. Consequently, to turn out to be increasingly serious it is critical to build up a more contamination free business (Chang, Park, Jeong and Lee 2014). The new flights transmit less dirties gases, so the British Airways is appreciating an additional bit of leeway. Doormen 5-Forces Five Forces model created by Michael Porter assists with dissecting the circumstance of the organization in the serious market. The five powers are: Threat of new contestants; Bargaining intensity of purchasers; Competitive contention; Bargaining intensity of providers; Threat of Substitutes. Figure 1: Porters Five Forces Source: Mindtools.com 2016 Danger of New Entrants: There are critical boundaries to the new participants, as the expense of setting up this business is excessively costly (Alderighi, Cento, Nijkamp and Rietveld 2012). It requires too high capital contribution. In addition, this industry has obstructions to exit subsequently new firm can't enter. The disappointment of XI and Zoom demoralizes the new participants. LOW Haggling Power of Buyers: There is absence of correspondence among purchasers and merchants, which mean shoppers have less bartering power. In any case, because of increment in the utilization of web, the extent of cooperation has advanced and clients of carriers attempt to discover better offers. They are profoundly value delicate. MEDIUM Serious Rivalry: The distinctions with rivals as far as cost of long stretch flight are irrelevant, which infers a high rivalry in passage of the flight. In short separation voyages likewise, there are many minimal effort aircrafts that are expanding the fruition in this industry. Also, it faces intense rivalry from the US aircrafts and European carriers (Hannigan, Hamilton and Mudambi 2015). HIGH Bartering Power of Suppliers: The providers of airplane have high dealing power. Expenses of turning on provider to another are high. Subsequently, aero-plane producers like Boeing and Airbus are very amazing. In addition, the British Airways is limited to a provider of fuel to its air terminal. HIGH Danger of Substitute: There is no immediate substitution of air flight travel. Notwithstanding, Eurostar or Ferries can supplant short take flights, however they are tedious and expensive at some point. Be that as it may, for long excursion there is no such other options. Henceforth, British Airways faces no danger of substitutes. LOW Basic Success Factors The Critical Success Factor of British Airways has been recognized that is, convenient appearance and takeoff of the planes. In addition, having submitted supports a functioning victors are significant measures for progress. Also, their consideration towards the representatives has built up the workers devotion. Some other basic achievement components of this organization are purchaser unwaveringness; solid brand picture; affectability to changing business sector needs and so forth. Inward Strategic Position Watchmen Generic Strategies With the assistance of three methodologies, an organization can accomplish upper hand. The procedures are: Cost initiative; Differentiation and Focus. Cost Leadership: To contend in the market, it is important for the organization to deliver at lower cost. The loss of 401 million, constrained the British Airways to chop down its expense of creation. After the misfortune has made, the organization decreased its remittances for a long time. So as to chop down its expense however much as could be expected this organization has shut a few courses that were not valuable. Separation: British Airways has underscored on separating its item and administrations. By

Marketing Logistics and Retail Management

Question: Talk about the Marketing Logistics and Retail Management. Answer: Presentation: Myer is Australias full line departmental store exchanging all the states and one of the domains of Australia. It manages scope of womens and mens wear, childrens attire, footwear, adornments, toys, books, homeware, electrical products, beautifying agents, food and travel merchandise. It is Australias biggest departmental stores and has consistently stayed steady with most recent style and design patterns. Myers has around 67 retail location across fundamental area in Australia that offers their all around perceived brands to clients and the improved on the web and advanced stages have support their deal. At present 55,000 partners, 1200 providers, enormous number of clients and 12,500 colleagues bargain and draw in with their image. In 2013, their all out deals age was about $3.1 billion (Myer 2017). Their principle direction towards advertising is to bring a transformational change in retailing by managing inventive office who will take into the computerized future. Under their current inventive office, Badgar Ogilvy, they are changing their channel blend and moving to a computerized model. Anyway in spite of advanced showcasing, they likewise offer an incentive to publicizing and lists advancement. Their point is to convey progressively centered proposal to client and they are assessing their providers to line up with their vital needs and their vision of Myer method of working (Oliver 2017). It significant item offering is the clothes and the principle provider is PVH legacy provider who offer brands like Van Heusen, Calvin Klein, Pierre Cardin and Tommy Hilfiger. Through their new Myer brands like Seed, French Connection, Nine West, Zara and H M, they are offering style driven just as open items to clients (Traill-Nash and Traill-Nash 2017). Examination of 5Cs of the Company Organization: One of the greatest quality of the Myer is the nearness of its departmental store at prime areas in Australia and its chain of mid to high range departmental store. Their New Myer brand procedure has assisted with giving an assortment of decisions to clients at a moderate expense. Their client centered system has helped them to assemble their solid image nearness and notoriety in Australia (Inside Retail 2017).However one key shortcoming is that their client base is restricted to Australia and they don't have a worldwide nearness. This is a result of immature dispersion divert which serves just in limited areas in Australia. In spite of this, Myers have the chance to assemble their worldwide notoriety as retail location by organization with remote players and creating imaginative special techniques. This probably won't be simple within the sight of dangers like changing clients inclination and their progressively wary disposition regarding spending (Lee and Lee 2015). Clients Myer is especially offering their item range to white collar class and upper working class people in Australia. It is hard for the retails departmental store to focus on all fragments in Australia because of changing clients inclination step by step. As indicated by Roy Morgan esteem portions, the Myer clients in Australia are cognizant about wellbeing and wellness. They are bound to go for short occasions and use media extensively. Thus, in view of this investigation of clients disposition, Myers plan their showcasing procedures and limited time exercises for their brands. Colleagues Through the Myer Supplier of the Year Awards, Myer perceive every one of those brands, architects and different accomplices who assume a job in conveying imaginative retail experience to the clients. In 2016, M.A.C was pronounced Myers pined for Supplier of the Year by their inventive approaches to connect with clients. The head supervisor of M.A.C was their key colleague and Toni Maticeski was pronounced the best fashioner of the year for his style forward manifestations. Different accomplices of Myers incorporate the promoting organization who give network support and the Group Managing Director who assume a job in the innovative procedure of retail business at Myer (Govender and Govender 2017). Contenders David Jones Limited, another Australian departmental store is probably the greatest contender of Myers. David Jones likewise has around 37 departmental stores across the country and their showcasing technique is giving solid rivalry to Myer. Both have comparable business methodologies and because of this opposition in the market, they have battled to arrive at their objective marketing projection. For instance, Myer has been put resources into prestigious female figure, Jennifer Hawkins, Miss Universe 2004 to advance their brands. Similarly, Myer worked together with Victorias mystery model to support their deals. In spite of the fact that the business edge of Myer is higher than David Jones, Myer is under a greater number of obligations than its rivals. Harris Scarfe, Kmart Australia and Target Australia are the new opponents of Myer and the CEO of Myer had discharged The Competitive valuing strategy to remain in front of different rivals in the market (MYER pty ltd. 2017 ). Setting Myer has been tested by certain political improvement in Australia. They are not content with the merchandise and ventures charge applied on imported products. The GST applies for imports worth more than $1000 and they feel that it will make an out of line playing field for nearby business and make troublesome exchanging condition for them. There is question in regards to the expense of GST for things and the pay advantage of the assessment (ABC News 2017).Bernie Brookes, the head of Myer have even accused the Australian governments spending measures as a factor making extreme exchanging condition and prompting inconsistent deals (Greenblat 2017). Assortment of data about 5Cs Myer have limited their cost based advancements and supplanted them with shopper centered advancements to know their clients and target generally complex clients to offer scope of items offer. They had utilized strategies like One day offers, Super Saturdays, and Secret Sales to help the deals. Their business has been difficulties by advanced disturbance and the globalization of retail division. So as to reestablish their pertinence with their clients, they have chosen to utilize their four columns to acquire the adoration for shopping customers life. To distinguish their devotion client base, they have done considerable research on Australian client retail fragments and utilized the Roy Morgan information to alter their technique (Eizenberg et al. 2015). They distinguished three gatherings of clients through these exploration high worth shoppers who are fully informed regarding design, expertly effective clients who have an enthusiasm for brands and the individuals who search for be tter each day esteem and reasonable style. In light of various client inclination, they partitioned their brands into various classes to suit the commercial center (Cameron 2017). Myers have thought about their actual rivals in the market after they extraordinary deals contention with other departmental stores like David Jones and Target Kmart who offer comparable items in various objective markets. These privileged departmental put away situated in prime areas gives serious estimating. This pattern in the market has profoundly impacted their marketing projection and store upkeep. The examination on primary client base has helped them to see how the setting of business is changing with globalization and ascend in portable and computerized innovation. They realize that their market is commanded by females and it is for the most part client based because of premium valuing and brand classes. They know that their business is based on the esteem of their brands and consequently they attempt to offer notable lofty brands and assemble solid client relationship. The facilitating of the Myer Supplier of the Year grant is a reflection on how they assess the job of every provider and welcome them for being their colleagues and providers. In the year 2015, they reported PVY Heritage Brands Australia as the Supplier of the year since they give Myer notable brands like Pierre Cardin, Van Heusen, Tommy Hilfiger and numerous others. The providers share their enthusiasm with Myer to offer inventive items and find a way to get development business (Media-Release 2017). Creating advertising system In light of investigation of the market of Myer as far as its providers, clients and contenders, it very well may be said that Myer needs to target specific market fragments to build up the showcasing system. Through the Roy Morgan research to arrange their client base, they have recognized three gatherings of clients for their retail items. They additionally found that omni-channel clients have surrendered them to 80% deals contrasted with clients who shop genuinely (Cameron 2017). Henceforth, it is suggested that Myer target such omni-channel client section and find a way to grasp computerized innovation to draw in this gathering of clients. They can put resources into computerized innovation like snap and gather to increment online deals and put resources into other advanced center point to give in-store understanding through advanced methods. When this pilot venture is fruitful, the advanced center point can be turned out for different stores broadly. Anyway this change can't be conceivable without enlistment of boss computerized staffs and information officials who can lead in the change procedure. It is additionally prescribed to manufacture the incentive of the nearby clients by energizing interest in overhauling the stores and fitting the as per neighborhood clients style inclinations. They can fabricate incentives with omni-channel clients by acquiring changes their image make up and adding most recent brands to stay aware of the requests in retail industry (Osterwalder et al. 2014). The change and reexamination procedure should all be connected to the clients. They include more brands by breaking down the most needed brands at present in the retail market and investing amounts of energy to expand deals edge by incorporation of new and high sought after brands. Subsequently brand buildin

The Development of the American Conservation Movement Essay examples --

The Development of the American Conservation Movement John Muir helped the improvement of the American preservation development during the late nineteenth century and the start of the twentieth century. The formation of the National Park Service, the making of a few significant national parks, including Yosemite National Park and the production of the Sierra Club were all a result of John Muir. In the late nineteenth century America was in a phase of extension and financial advancement that utilized just as undermined a great part of the normal world. A great part of the financial improvement was as industrialization that incurred significant damage of the earth with the two its utilization of regular assets also contamination. This extension and monetary advancement had unfavorable outcomes on the earth of the United States. During this season of advancement many got mindful of the harm being done to the common world and endeavored to forestall or restrict this harm being finished. It is during this season of both industrialization and profound arousing that the protection development emerged with one of its most popular activists, John Muir. John Muir accepted that for the fate of America that the regular world ought to be secured. Muir felt that the earth of a great part of the United States was not secured appropriately and the areas that were ensured were not overseen satisfactorily. Muir felt that Americans had a lot to pick up from the insurance of their national assets and park lands. In John Muir’s book Our National Parks, written in 1901 he states: â€Å"Awakening from the stunning impacts of the bad habit of over-industry and the destructive lack of concern of extravagance, they are trying as well as can be expected to blend and enhance their own... .... The preservation development had developed and spread because of the industrialization of America. John Muir turned into a pioneer of this development to ensure the normal world for all ages. His frank activities were significant impacts in the assurance of numerous national stops just as the conventional game plan of the National Park System which today despite everything secures our regular world. [i] John Muir, Our National Parks. ( Boston, New York: Houghton Milffin Company, 1901)pg.1. 2 John Muir, My First Summer in the Sierras. ( Boston, New York: Hougnton, Milffin Company, 1911)pg,138. 3 Henry Thoreau, Excursions. (Boston: Ticker and Fields, 1863)pg.41. 4 Gifford Pinchot. The Fight for Conservation.(New York: Doubleday,Page and Company, 1910) Summary 5 John Muir, My First Summer in the Sierras. ( Boston, New York: Houghton, Milffin Company, 1911)pg.196.

Kolbs Theory of Learning Styles

Kolb's Theory of Learning Styles Theories Cognitive Psychology Print Kolbs Theory of Learning Styles By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on November 24, 2019 Hero Images / Digital Vision / Getty Images More in Theories Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology Kolbs learning styles are one of the best-known and widely used learning styles theories. Psychologist David Kolb first outlined his theory of learning styles in 1984. He believed that our individual learning styles emerge due to our genetics, life experiences, and the demands of our current environment. In addition to describing four different learning styles, Kolb also developed a theory of experiential learning and a learning style inventory. In his experiential theory, learning is viewed as a four-stage cycle. First, immediate and concrete experiences serve as a basis for observation. Next, the individual reflects on these observations and begins to build a general theory of what this information might mean. In the next step, the learner forms abstract concepts and generalizations based on their hypothesis. Finally, the learner tests the implications of these concepts in new situations. After this step, the process once again cycles back to the first stage of the experiential process. Learning Styles of Psychologist David Kolb The learning styles described by Kolb are based on two major dimensions: active/reflective and abstract/concrete. The Converger People with this learning style have dominant abilities in the areas of Abstract Conceptualization and Active Experimentation. They are highly skilled in the practical application of ideas. They tend to do best in situations where there is a single best solution or answer to a problem. The Diverger Divergers dominant abilities lie in the areas of Concrete Experience and Reflective Observation, essentially the opposite strengths of the Converger. People with this learning style are good at seeing the big picture and organizing smaller bits of information into a meaningful whole. Divergers tend to be emotional and creative and enjoy brainstorming to come up with new ideas. Artists, musicians, counselors, and people with a strong interest in the fine arts, humanities, and liberal arts tend to have this learning style. The Assimilator Assimilators are skilled in the areas of Abstract Conceptualization and Reflective Observation. Understanding and creating theoretical models is one of their greatest strengths. They tend to be more interested in abstract ideas than in people, but they are not greatly concerned with the practical applications of theories. Individuals who work in math and the basic sciences tend to have this type of learning style. Assimilators also enjoy work that involves planning and research. The Accommodator People with this learning style are strongest in Concrete Experience and Active Experimentation. This style is basically the opposite of the Assimilator style. Accommodators are doers; they enjoy performing experiments and carrying out plans in the real world. Out of all four learning styles, Accommodators tend to be the greatest risk-takers. They are good at thinking on their feet and changing their plans spontaneously in response to new information. When solving problems, they typically use a trial-and-error approach. People with this learning style often work in technical fields or in action-oriented jobs such as sales and marketing. Similarity to Jungian Personality Theory Kolb has suggested that his theory expands and builds upon Carl Jungs theory of personality, which is focused on how individuals prefer to interact and adapt to the world. Kolbs learning dimensions share a great deal in common with the dimensions found on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). The Jungian learning styles are also based upon the types identified on the MBTI. The MBTI is a personality inventory based on Jungs work that looks at personality across four major dimensions. The Extraversion/Introversion dimension on the MBTI is very similar to Kolbs Active/Reflective dimension. People high on extraversion and active experimentation tend to be doers, while those high on introversion and reflective observation tend to be watchers. The Feeling/Thinking dimension on the MBTI is also very similar to Kolbs Concrete/Abstract dimension. Those high in the feeling and concrete experience areas tend to be more focused on the here-and-now, while those high in the areas of thinking and abstract conceptualization prefer to focus on theoretical concepts. Support and Criticism In one survey of students, Kolb and Goldman found that there was a correlation between student learning styles and their chosen departmental major. Students who planned to graduate in their selected major had learning styles that were strongly related to their areas of interest. For example, students entering management fields had a more accommodative style, while those pursuing mathematics degrees had a more assimilative approach. The results also indicated that students who were pursuing a degree aligned with their learning style had a greater commitment to their field than did students who were pursuing degrees not related to their learning preferences. The concept of learning styles has been criticized by many and experts suggest that there is little evidence to support the existence of learning styles at all. One large-scale study looked at more than 70 different learning style theories and concluded that each lacked enough valid research to support its claims. Educator Mark K. Smith argued that Kolbs model is supported only by weak empirical evidence and that the learning process is actually far more complex than the theory suggests. He also noted that the theory fails to fully acknowledge how different experiences and cultures may impact the learning process.